Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe amafa ndi khansa amatha kupewedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa moyo komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano wochokera ku American Cancer Society. Kafukufuku wochititsa chidwi uyu akuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zingasinthidwe pakukula kwa khansa komanso kukula kwa khansa. Zotsatira zafukufuku zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 40% ya akuluakulu aku US azaka 30 kapena kuposerapo ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale kofunika kumvetsetsa momwe zisankho zomwe zimakhalira popewa khansa komanso kulimbikitsa thanzi labwino.
Dr. Arif Kamal, mkulu wa odwala ku American Cancer Society, anatsindika kufunika kwa kusintha kothandiza pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha khansa. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa zinthu zingapo zomwe zingasinthidwe, kusuta komwe kumayambitsa matenda a khansa ndi kufa. Ndipotu, kusuta kokha ndiko kumayambitsa pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa odwala asanu a khansa ndipo pafupifupi mmodzi mwa atatu aliwonse amafa ndi khansa. Izi zikusonyeza kufunika kofulumira kwa njira zosiya kusuta ndi kuthandiza anthu amene akufuna kusiya chizoloŵezi choipa chimenechi.
Kuphatikiza pa kusuta, zifukwa zina zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo ndi monga kunenepa kwambiri, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusasankha bwino zakudya, komanso matenda monga HPV. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kugwirizana kwa zinthu zamoyo komanso momwe zimakhudzira chiopsezo cha khansa. Pothana ndi zovuta zomwe zingasinthidwe izi, anthu amatha kuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha khansa komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Kafukufukuyu, kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane kwa zinthu 18 zomwe zingasinthidwe pachiwopsezo cha mitundu 30 ya khansa, zikuwonetsa kudabwitsa kwa zisankho za moyo pazochitika za khansa komanso kufa. Mu 2019 mokha, izi zidapangitsa kuti anthu opitilira 700,000 adwala khansa komanso opitilira 262,000 afa. Deta iyi ikuwonetsa kufunikira kwachangu kwa maphunziro ochuluka ndi zoyesayesa zolowererapo kuti athe kupatsa mphamvu anthu kuti apange zisankho zokhuza thanzi lawo ndi thanzi lawo.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti khansa imachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa DNA kapena kusintha kwa magwero a zakudya m'thupi. Ngakhale kuti majini ndi chilengedwe zimagwiranso ntchito, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti zinthu zomwe zingasinthidwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a khansa ndi imfa. Mwachitsanzo, kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa DNA ndi kuonjezera ngozi ya khansa yapakhungu, pamene mahomoni opangidwa ndi maselo amafuta amatha kupereka zakudya ku mitundu ina ya khansa.
Khansa imakula chifukwa DNA yawonongeka kapena ili ndi gwero lazakudya, adatero Kamal. Zinthu zina, monga majini kapena chilengedwe, zithanso kupangitsa kuti zinthu zizichitika mwachilengedwe, koma chiwopsezo chosinthika chimafotokozera kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa komanso kufa kuposa zina zomwe zimadziwika. Mwachitsanzo, kukhala padzuwa kukhoza kuwononga DNA ndi kuyambitsa khansa yapakhungu, ndipo maselo amafuta amatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi tambiri timene timayambitsa khansa.
"Atakhala ndi khansa, anthu nthawi zambiri amadzimva ngati alibe mphamvu pa okha," adatero Kamal. "Anthu angaganize kuti ndi tsoka kapena majini oyipa, koma anthu amafunikira kudziletsa komanso kuchita zinthu mwanzeru."
Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti makhansa ena ndi osavuta kupewa kuposa ena. Koma mu 19 mwa makhansa 30 omwe adawunikidwa, opitilira theka lamilandu yatsopanoyi adayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zingasinthidwe.
Pafupifupi 80% ya milandu yatsopano ya khansa 10 imatha kukhala chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zingasinthidwe, kuphatikiza zopitilira 90% zamilandu ya melanoma yolumikizidwa ndi cheza cha ultraviolet komanso pafupifupi onse omwe ali ndi khansa ya khomo pachibelekero cholumikizidwa ndi matenda a HPV, omwe amatha Kupewa kudzera mu katemera.
Khansara ya m'mapapo ndi matenda omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha milandu yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zingasinthidwe, zomwe zimakhala ndi milandu yoposa 104,000 mwa amuna ndi oposa 97,000 mwa amayi, ndipo ambiri amakhudzana ndi kusuta fodya.
Akatha kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri ndi chachiwiri chomwe chimayambitsa khansa, zomwe zimachititsa pafupifupi 5% mwa amuna atsopano komanso pafupifupi 11% mwa amayi. Kafukufuku watsopano apeza kuti kunenepa kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi opitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kufa kwa endometrial, ndulu, esophageal, chiwindi ndi khansa ya impso.
Kafukufuku wina waposachedwa adapeza kuti anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala ochepetsa thupi komanso matenda a shuga monga Ozempic ndi Wegovy anali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha khansa zina.
"M'njira zina, kunenepa kwambiri kumavulaza anthu monga kusuta fodya," anatero Dr. Marcus Plescia, mkulu wa zachipatala ku Association of State and Local Health Officials, yemwe sanachite nawo kafukufuku watsopano koma adagwirapo kale ntchito popewa khansa. mapulogalamu.
Kulowererapo pa "ziwopsezo zazikulu zamakhalidwe" - monga kusiya kusuta, kudya bwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi - "kutha kusintha kwambiri zochitika ndi zotsatira za matenda osatha," adatero Plessia. Khansara ndi imodzi mwa matenda osatha, monga matenda a mtima kapena shuga.
Opanga ndondomeko ndi akuluakulu azaumoyo akuyenera kuyesetsa "kupanga malo omwe ndi abwino kwa anthu ndikupanga chisankho chosavuta," adatero. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe akukhala m'madera omwe anali ovutika m'mbiri, komwe sikungakhale kotetezeka kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusungirako zakudya zopatsa thanzi sikungapezeke mosavuta.
Pamene chiwopsezo cha khansa yoyambilira ikukwera ku US, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi zizolowezi zathanzi msanga, akatswiri akutero. Mukangoyamba kusuta kapena kuchepetsa thupi lomwe mumapeza, kusiya kusuta kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Koma “sipanachedwe kupanga masinthidwe amenewa,” anatero Plescia. Kusintha (makhalidwe a thanzi) pambuyo pake m'moyo kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu."
Akatswiri amati kusintha kwa moyo komwe kumachepetsa kukhudzana ndi zinthu zina kumatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa mwachangu.
"Khansa ndi matenda omwe thupi limalimbana nawo tsiku lililonse panthawi yogawa ma cell," adatero Kamal. "Ndichiwopsezo chomwe mumakumana nacho tsiku lililonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchepetsako kungakuthandizeninso tsiku lililonse."
Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa zikuwonetsa kuthekera kodziteteza mwa kusintha kwa moyo. Poika patsogolo kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kuwongolera kulemera, komanso thanzi labwino, anthu amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kukhala ndi thupi labwino komanso kupewa makhalidwe oipa monga kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-15-2024
