Ndi chitukuko cha anthu, anthu akuganizira kwambiri nkhani zaumoyo. Lero ndikufuna kukuwonetsani zambiri zokhudza matenda a Alzheimer's, omwe ndi matenda opita patsogolo muubongo omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asamakumbukire bwino zinthu komanso kuti asamaganize bwino zinthu zina.
Zoona
Matenda a Alzheimer's, omwe ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matenda a dementia, ndi mawu ofala kwambiri otanthauza kukumbukira ndi kutayika kwa nzeru.
Matenda a Alzheimer ndi oopsa ndipo alibe mankhwala. Ndi matenda osatha omwe amayamba ndi kuiwala zinthu ndipo pamapeto pake amachititsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ubongo.
Matendawa amatchedwa dzina la Dr. Alois Alzheimer. Mu 1906, katswiri wa matenda a ubongo adachita kafukufuku wa mtembo wa ubongo wa mayi wina yemwe anamwalira atayamba kuvutika kulankhula, khalidwe losayembekezereka komanso kulephera kukumbukira. Dr. Alzheimer adapeza ma amyloid plaques ndi ma neurofibrillary tangles, zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza:
Zaka - Pambuyo pa zaka 65, mwayi wopeza matenda a Alzheimer umawonjezeka kawiri pa zaka zisanu zilizonse. Kwa anthu ambiri, zizindikiro zimayamba kuwonekera pambuyo pa zaka 60.
Mbiri ya Banja – Zinthu zokhudzana ndi majini zimakhudza chiopsezo cha munthu.
Kuvulala Mutu - Pakhoza kukhala mgwirizano pakati pa vutoli ndi kuvulala mobwerezabwereza kapena kutaya chidziwitso.
Thanzi la mtima - Matenda a mtima monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri ndi matenda a shuga angapangitse kuti mitsempha yamagazi ikhale ndi vuto la dementia.
Kodi zizindikiro 5 zochenjeza za matenda a Alzheimer's ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike: kuiwala, kubwerezabwereza mafunso ndi mawu, kusaganiza bwino, kusasintha zinthu, kusintha kwa maganizo ndi umunthu, kusokonezeka, kuganiza molakwika komanso kuopa zinthu, kusakhazikika maganizo, kukomoka, kuvutika kumeza
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa matenda a dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi kotani?
Matenda a dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chidziwitso, koma pali kusiyana pakati pawo.
Matenda a dementia ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa ntchito ya ubongo chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro monga kuiwalaiwala, kuchepa kwa luso loganiza, komanso kulephera kuzindikira bwino zinthu. Matenda a Alzheimer ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matenda a dementia ndipo ndi omwe amachititsa matenda ambiri a dementia.
Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza okalamba ndipo amadziwika ndi kuyika kwa mapuloteni muubongo kosazolowereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha iwonongeke komanso kufa. Dementia ndi mawu ofala omwe amaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chidziwitso komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, osati matenda a Alzheimer's okha.
Ziwerengero za dziko lonse
Bungwe la Centers for Disease Control and Prevention likuyerekeza kuti anthu pafupifupi 6.5 miliyoni aku America ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Matendawa ndi omwe amachititsa imfa mwa akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 65 ku United States.
Mtengo wosamalira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's kapena matenda ena a dementia ku United States ukuyembekezeka kukhala $345 biliyoni mu 2023.
matenda a Alzheimer's akuyamba msanga
Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi mtundu wosowa wa matenda a dementia omwe amakhudza kwambiri anthu osakwana zaka 65.
Matenda a Alzheimer omwe amayamba msanga nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mabanja.
Kafukufuku
Marichi 9, 2014—Mu kafukufuku woyamba wamtunduwu, ofufuza anena kuti apanga mayeso a magazi omwe anganene molondola kwambiri ngati anthu athanzi adzadwala matenda a Alzheimer's.
Novembala 23, 2016 – Kampani yopanga mankhwala ku US, Eli Lilly, yalengeza kuti ithetsa mayeso achipatala a Gawo 3 a mankhwala ake a Alzheimer's, solanezumab. "Chiwerengero cha kuchepa kwa chidziwitso sichinachedwetsedwe kwambiri mwa odwala omwe adalandira solanezumab poyerekeza ndi odwala omwe adalandira placebo," kampaniyo idatero m'mawu ake.
February 2017 – Kampani yopanga mankhwala ya Merck yaimitsa mayeso omaliza a mankhwala ake a Alzheimer's verubecestat pambuyo poti kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha adapeza kuti mankhwalawa "sagwira ntchito bwino."
Pa 28 February, 2019 - Magazini ya Nature Genetics inafalitsa kafukufuku wowulula mitundu inayi yatsopano ya majini yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Majini amenewa akuoneka kuti amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti alamulire ntchito za thupi zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa matendawa.
Epulo 4, 2022 - Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'nkhaniyi wapeza majini ena 42 okhudzana ndi kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.
Epulo 7, 2022 — Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services yalengeza kuti ichepetsa kufalitsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso okwera mtengo a Alzheimer's Aduhelm kwa anthu omwe akutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala oyenerera.
Meyi 4, 2022 - Bungwe la FDA lalengeza kuvomereza mayeso atsopano ozindikira matenda a Alzheimer's. Ndi mayeso oyamba ozindikira matenda a m'thupi omwe angalowe m'malo mwa zida monga PET scans zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda a Alzheimer's.
June 30, 2022 – Asayansi apeza jini yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mkazi chotenga matenda a Alzheimer, zomwe zapereka zizindikiro zatsopano za chifukwa chake akazi ndi omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa kuposa amuna. Jini, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza kuwonongeka kwa DNA mwa amuna ndi akazi. Koma ofufuza sanapeze kulumikizana kulikonse pakati pa MGMT ndi matenda a Alzheimer mwa amuna.
Januwale 22, 2024—Kafukufuku watsopano mu magazini ya JAMA Neurology akuwonetsa kuti matenda a Alzheimer's amatha kufufuzidwa "molondola kwambiri" pozindikira puloteni yotchedwa phosphorylated tau, kapena p-tau, m'magazi a munthu. Matenda osawoneka bwino, amatha kuchitika ngakhale zizindikiro zisanayambe kuwonekera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-09-2024
