Matenda a Alzheimer's: Muyenera Kudziwa

Ndi chitukuko cha anthu, anthu akusamalira kwambiri nkhani zaumoyo. Lero ndikufuna kukudziwitsani za matenda a Alzheimer's, omwe ndi matenda a muubongo omwe amalephera kukumbukira komanso luntha lina.

Zoona

Matenda a Alzheimer's, mtundu wofala kwambiri wa dementia, ndi liwu lotanthauza kukumbukira komanso kutayika kwa luntha.
Matenda a Alzheimer amapha ndipo alibe mankhwala. Ndi matenda aakulu omwe amayamba ndi kukumbukira ndipo pamapeto pake amawononga kwambiri ubongo.
Matendawa amatchedwa Dr. Alois Alzheimer. Mu 1906, katswiri wa neuropathologist adachita kafukufuku paubongo wa mayi yemwe adamwalira atakhala ndi vuto lolankhula, machitidwe osadziwika bwino komanso kukumbukira kukumbukira. Dr. Alzheimer anapeza ma amyloid plaques ndi neurofibrillary tangles, zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa:
Zaka - Pambuyo pa zaka 65, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer umachuluka kawiri pazaka zisanu zilizonse. Kwa anthu ambiri, zizindikiro zimayamba kuonekera pambuyo pa zaka 60.
Mbiri ya Banja - Zinthu za majini zimatenga gawo pachiwopsezo cha munthu.
Kupwetekedwa kwa Mutu - Pakhoza kukhala mgwirizano pakati pa vutoli ndi kupwetekedwa mobwerezabwereza kapena kutaya chidziwitso.
Thanzi la mtima - Matenda a mtima monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yapamwamba ndi matenda a shuga angapangitse chiopsezo cha matenda a dementia.

Kodi zizindikiro 5 zochenjeza za matenda a Alzheimer ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zomwe zingatheke: kukumbukira kukumbukira, kubwereza mafunso ndi ziganizo, kusokonezeka maganizo, kusokoneza zinthu, kusintha maganizo ndi umunthu, chisokonezo, chinyengo ndi paranoia, kutengeka, kugwidwa, kuvutika kumeza.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's?

Dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's onse ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa chidziwitso, koma pali kusiyana kwina pakati pawo.
Dementia ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro monga kukumbukira kukumbukira, kuchepa kwa kulingalira, ndi kusokonezeka kwa kulingalira. Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa dementia ndipo umayambitsa matenda ambiri a dementia.

Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a neurodegenerative omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu okalamba ndipo amadziwika ndi kusakhazikika bwino kwa mapuloteni muubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa neuronal ndi kufa. Dementia ndi liwu lalikulu lomwe limaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, osati matenda a Alzheimer's okha.

Ziwerengero zapadziko lonse

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention akuti pafupifupi anthu 6.5 miliyoni aku America ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Matendawa ndi achisanu omwe amachititsa imfa mwa akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 65 ku United States.
Mtengo wosamalira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's kapena dementia ku United States ukuyembekezeka kukhala $345 biliyoni mu 2023.
matenda oyamba a Alzheimer's
Matenda a Alzheimer's oyambilira ndi mtundu wosowa wa dementia womwe umakhudza kwambiri anthu osakwanitsa zaka 65.
Matenda a Alzheimer's oyambilira nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mabanja.

Kafukufuku
March 9, 2014—Pakafukufuku wake woyamba, ofufuza ananena kuti apanga mayeso a magazi omwe angathe kuneneratu molondola modabwitsa ngati anthu athanzi angakhale ndi matenda a Alzheimer.
Novembala 23, 2016 - Wopanga mankhwala ku US Eli Lilly adalengeza kuti ithetsa kuyesa kwachipatala kwa Phase 3 pamankhwala ake a Alzheimer's solanezumab. "Mlingo wa kuchepa kwachidziwitso sikunachedwe kwambiri kwa odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi solanezumab poyerekeza ndi odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi placebo," kampaniyo idatero.
February 2017 - Kampani yopanga mankhwala Merck imayimitsa mayeso ake a Alzheimer's verubecestat pambuyo pa kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha wapeza kuti mankhwalawa "osathandiza kwenikweni."
February 28, 2019 - Nyuzipepala ya Nature Genetics inafalitsa kafukufuku wowulula mitundu inayi yatsopano ya majini yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Majiniwa amawoneka kuti amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuwongolera ntchito za thupi zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa matendawa.
Epulo 4, 2022 - Kafukufuku yemwe adasindikiza nkhaniyi adapeza majini ena 42 okhudzana ndi kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.
Epulo 7, 2022 - Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services idalengeza kuti ichepetsa kufalitsa kwa mankhwala omwe amatsutsana komanso okwera mtengo a Alzheimer's Aduhelm kwa anthu omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamayesero oyenerera azachipatala.
Meyi 4, 2022 - A FDA adalengeza kuvomereza kuyesa kwatsopano kwa matenda a Alzheimer's. Ndilo kuyezetsa koyamba kwa in vitro komwe kungalowe m'malo mwa zida monga PET scans zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda a Alzheimer's.
June 30, 2022 - Asayansi apeza jini yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha amayi kukhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, ndikupereka zidziwitso zatsopano za chifukwa chomwe azimayi amakhala ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi matendawa kuposa amuna. Jini, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), imagwira ntchito yofunikira kuti thupi lithe kukonza zowonongeka za DNA mwa amuna ndi akazi. Koma ofufuza sanapeze kugwirizana pakati pa MGMT ndi matenda a Alzheimer's mwa amuna.
January 22, 2024—Kafukufuku watsopano m’magazini ya JAMA Neurology akusonyeza kuti matenda a Alzheimer angapimidwe “molondola kwambiri” mwa kupeza puloteni yotchedwa phosphorylated tau, kapena p-tau, m’mwazi wa munthu. Matenda osalankhula, amatha kuchitika ngakhale zizindikiro zisanayambe kuonekera.